Hill Goritsas. Ο Ιερός Ναός της Ζωοδόχου Πηγής.

Άποψη του Βόλου από το λόφο της Γορίτσας.

Ηstrategic position the hill overseeing the area was the reason for founding in’ αυτόν τον 4^οcentury. BC. a city probably whenΦίλιππος ο Β’ fortifies strategic places in Magnesia. Later (316-298 B.C.)the city fortifications strengthened byCassander with wall 2.850m. length. Thirty towers placed at uneven intervals, as the geographical relief offered in some places natural fortification. The city was occupied for a short time. When the 294 π.Χ. built byDemetrius Demetrius the ancient Dimitriada, the city of Goritsas synoikistike gradually until 250 π.Χ. in the city of Dimitriadis and hill never rebuilt. The name of the town is still unknown. BCmes, several researchers have proposed the identification with Iolcos, the Nilea, Dimitrada. But then the exact location of the last,speculated that perhaps there wasOrminio. The city is built on the south hill tops in area 400 acres. It is designed with a compact urban fabric and is organized into blocks.

Ypothetoun archaeologists that the city had 400-500 homes usually square and lived there from 3000 to 3,500 residents. Was divided into blocks according to Hippodameios system(vertical and horizontal domes, spaced 32m. and have a width of 4.5 meters).On the north side of the house were a series of rooms and the courtyard on the south. Among the blocks were open spaces-squares. The triangular plaza III,which identified the Agora, there is a circular and a rectangular construction,probably of public. He identified portion of the water supply and sanitation.

Η πεδιάδα της Αγριάς όπως φαίνεται από την κορυφή του λόφου.

Kataskefastikan gates on the north and east, to be able to control the passage of people and goods, west, no access to the sea, and south, to serve military purposes. At the highest point of the hill the wall enclosing the acropolis, where today the church is built of the Life Giving Fountain. The gate of the ancient Acropolis, located at the point where the modern road crosses the path of the wall. Outside the wall, natural cave, has found the inscription on the rock “DIOS MILICHIOU”, proving the worship of Zeus in. It is one of the few authentic examples of Hellenistic city that remained open monument in time, χωρίς μεταγενέστερες παρεμβάσεις.

ΑPo the school years, his interest was concentrated only in the pictures. And as those described involved. The other kids at school being picked on. Left and stutterer, increasingly begins to close itself. Neither his physical physique bodes. And one day, over which archinousan Halloween, took the decision and wore skirts. Now wearing the costume not to proud to satiate paintings chieftains and other national heroes. Και δεν την αποχωρίστηκε σε όλη του τη ζωή.

E.Chi grew surrendered his dreams, grounded only in goodness of his soul and the insatiable eye for beauty. He grabs the brush from an internal single impulse. Saturate a hunger chromatic. But he had, strength, this object of inspiration,the flower, the tree, the hero, not to be depicted as the seeing, but as he had mid m'oles portray the nuances of time and season,wandering days and nights, winters and summers in the countryside. In 15 to emigrate in Smyrna. Για τη ζωή του εκεί μόνο σκόρπιες πληροφορίες υπάρχουν.

Ο Panagiotis, his brother, All I knew is that Theophilus had succeeded appointed Kavasis Greek Consulate in Izmir, position gave him the option of wearing and there his favorite outfit and running errands. In the region of Magnesia first dated work found was a small self-portrait (0,28×0,40)which titloforouse “Theophilus Painter and sometimes chieftain and thyrofylax in Izmir 1899″. Other,όμως, who were particularly concerned with Theophilus and technique in painting, as the late Kitsos Makris, πιστεύεται ότι η περίοδος που έμεινε στη Σμύρνη πρέπει να θεωρηθεί η περίοδος της μαθητείας του στην παραδοσιακή ζωγραφική.

CHY,they believe, To regard Theophilus-taught is something I exclude his own works and especially his first in Pelion. At the end of the century,chased, as they say, by Turks wandered about 30 years in Volos and Pelion for a plate of food. The fact is that in the villages of Pelion centered Anakasia Ano Volos launches the first period of his painting activity. Wandering pedestrian to nearby villages and paint in homes and shops in various materials (sails,Cardboard, boards etc.) for a plate of food a glass of wine or a few coins. Here, in Anakasia, discovered him and the landowner and miller Yannis Kontos, like the painting – the first PILIORITIKO who appreciated his talent – and commissioned to decorate the house.

Ο Short offered him a room anthropinotero a dish homemade food and a better remuneration. In this hospitable home of miller Yannis Kontos Theophilus would find shelter and safety under the protection of the owner will create one of the most important and comprehensive works. In the mural has theme “Theodoros Kolokotronis subsumes into the lake Lernin Winners Dramali 1822″, read his signature and the year of construction. This fresco is considered to be the first built, followed by the remaining, οι οποίες σύμφωνα με μαρτυρίες των πρώην ιδιοκτητών έγιναν σταδιακά και διήρκεσαν μερικά χρόνια.

ΤThe 1912 began painting decor of the lobby and specifically the 2nd floor. The painter decorating a room from the watermill in the gully of St. Onoufriou, που μέσα σε ένα γαλάζιο πλαίσιο ζωγράφισε διάφορους ήρωες της Ελληνικής Επανάστασης κ.ά.

ΤThe painter's house near program is divided into two zones: the lower zone reaches halfway around the windows and the top reacheTto just below the ceiling. In the lower zone Theophilus he painted various motifs, such a wide variety of potted flowers and birds, Lake with fountain, fish and ducks. Even wild animals and hunting scenes all wisely arranged, while to the left of the stairs next to the room door painted Yannis Kontos riding on his horse. Followed by the upper zone in which they are fourteen major themes taken from Greek Revolution 1821 for which he used as models, primarily, tables of Peter von Ess. confidently, Theophilus painted Rigas Fereos, body kremasthentos Patriarch Gregory, καθώς και τον Αλέξανδρο Υψηλάντη αρχιστράτηγο.

Σfour pilasters of close aerial futsal, Theophilus painted four gods of Olympus. Mars,Venus, Hermes and Athena. The blank wall painted a large landscape painting on the Anakasia and depth Makrynitsa the ship of Portaria side of. In the sections above the windows and doors, filled the gaps with issues as the lower band,as potted flowers and birds, royal coat of arms, various reptiles etc.. The painting of the house nearby and in’ extension the entire work of the painter of the period of Volos, is strongly influenced by the Byzantine art, after the first lesson of, The painter took it Ο his grandfather, who called Konstantis Painter.

Xrisimopoiei colors in daring combinations, dark and open, depending on the importance of representations. A project completely different from the period of Mytilene which uses more halftones and which many scholars consider it more mature. Rich project that will let the painter in, where the city of Volos will paint in various cafes, taverns and inns, in which he found necessary for survival. In the nearby villages from Volos, as in Apple trees painted in the church of Agia Marina, Agios Vlassis home Gekas, the mill Kontogianni, the mill of Varalis, in Alli Meria in bakery Veletza, στο σπίτι του Γκουντέλια κ.ά.

ΣVolos city began its work in 1925 the settlement of refugees from Asia Minor in the region. Refugees built their shacks in various open spaces of the city, as the square Riga Fereou, Liberty Square and towards the end of the street Iolkou, in which the painter painted colorful signs with flowers and birds, various performances on the facades of shops etc., which a few years later, το 1930 destroyed by fire. Today,the large painting production of Theophilus in the region of Magnesia, a very small portion saved from, since most of his works were destroyed by earthquakes 1955, were destroyed by ignorance of their owners and others were removed from the area. Better luck had paintings of old houses in Pelion. These currently located at the Museum “Maywood Makris”. A very laborious and difficult achievement. The personally rescued himself with some workers when he saw these houses are demolished to build other newer. The rescued with much anxiety and trouble with the plaster that have their walls and turned in an excellent sculptor and restorer Dimitrios Zacharias, With only 2005 died. And most of, there was no painting or color tampering’ them.

Ηcreative course of Theophilus in Magnesia will be completed 1927, to return permanently to his native Mytilene. The second period is the period worked in his hometown of 1927 as his acquaintance with Teriad (Taki Eleftheriadis) το 1929. In his third season, 1929-1934, having secured permanent employer, dealing undistracted by painting. Through the collection of Teriad are: “The Gulf of Gera”, “The Lemnos Kechagias”, ”Meteora”, “The lady with the dogs” and “The picking of olives in Mytilene”. Five top pieces are evidence of amaranth was able to keep the talent of Theophilus as the later years of. When Teriad returned to his hometown, τη Μυτιλήνη, found waiting for him a small treasure of the projects created Theophilus. Only the painter absent. He died a few days earlier in the poor closet. Was 24 March 1934. The lady Nina Ladogiannicloses the tribute of two words of Seferis him:

” After Theophilus, this apocalyptic folk, we do not see anymore in the same way. This is the thing that brought us not so notorious messengers large Academies. Theophilus gave us new eyes. He washed away our vision. Theophilos is a great arit and unforgivable unknown to us.”

The Church of the Assumption (1639)

The prestigious' vigla' the municipality Iolkou

Έto wide paved alley leading to the hilltop, having survived the antiquated aisled basilica without a domeAssumption. The present name(Diocese) goes back to the late Middle Ages. however, there must have been at the top of the hill some monastery, destroyed in late Byzantine times in the first centuries of Ottoman rule and in its place the Bishop Dimitriados Callistusbuilt in 1639 τη σημερινή εκκλησία.

The himself, according to the sources, then moved to the hill was home and the seat of the Archdiocese, after the devastation of Demetriada the conquest of the region by the Turks (1423) and the expulsion of the Christian population and the castle of St. Theodore. The building (Bishopric)not saved today. According to the inscription (dedicatory) on the northern entrance to the present church of Bishop Kallistos Dimitriados referred to as “Founder”.

The bungalows xylepistegos exonarthex (south side)

Tnaves separated by a colonnade consisting of two columns on each side. During the Ottoman rule was added to the west side storey exo-narthex with three arches on the south side of the current existing bungalows xylepistegos exo-narthex. Embedded in the walls (northern, southern and eastern)various sculptures shapes, Symbols, lettering,Birds champlevé in marble or stone representations, προέρχονται από τα ερείπια παλαιότερης μονής.

Σthe Byzantine era monastery on the top of the hill, the many chapels surrounded the ruins of which are still visible. Anavainontas the hill from the paved path midway, left, preserved the chapel is dedicated to the Transfiguration του Σωτήρα.

Σthe west side of the church of Episkopi is built part of the sarcophagus of worldly Anna Melissenoi, (nun “Ανθούσα”), wife toparchies Dimitriadis sygktitora of the monastery of Prophet Baptist New Stone (Πορταριάς) Νικολάου Μελισσηνού. The surviving church is the oldest pos Byzantine monuments of Pelion. On the outer walls not one can distinguish the dedicatory inscription dated ZRMZ (=1639) on the north side and even a multitude of architectural and built mainly architraves, θωράκια και άλλα ανάγλυφα.

The paved path leading to the top of the hill

The Byzantine chapel of the Transfiguration

Entyposi cause and the many ornate sculptures Byzantine era, τεμάχια που είναι εντοιχισμένα στους εσωτερικούς τοίχους του ναού της Κοιμήσεως της Θεοτόκου.

Σduring the late Byzantine Middle Ages in Thessaly (1204-1423) Pelion was known as mountain “Δρυανουβαίνης” and this because the whole area of ​​Pelion, which extends above the current Volos, and includes the current Katichori, Πορταριά, Makrynitsa with the hill of the Diocese of Ano Volos, was known as “Δρυανούβαινα”.

The small forecourt of the Chapel of the Transfiguration

ΑPo on 10^οcentury even began along the lines of Mount Athos to be generated in higher ones of Pelion, in places safe from listopeirates, enough and large monasteries be allocated vast tracts of land with actual imperial parachoritiria. founders of monasteries are usually monks, coming from Mount Athos, but powerful local families chorodespoton with that of eminent Melissenos.

Αrchigetis the house of Melissenos Demetrias was Κωνσταντίνος Μελισσηνός. The year 1207 Dimitriada the region of Pelion and given to him as a fief (Toparchies),his friend and comrade Michael Angelos Komnenos Doukas. Όταν ο Μιχαήλ Κομνηνός κατέλαβε την Άρτα και έγινε η εγκαθίδρυση της αρχής των Αγγέλων στην Ήπειρο τότε ο Κωνσταντίνος Μελισσηνός επανήλθε μόνιμα και οργάνωσε το φέουδο της Βυζαντινής Δημητριάδας κατά το πρότυπο του κράτους της Ηπείρου.

Αsafeguards Dimitrada, both in the coastal area of ​​the coast of, and in the Land of magnesia hinterland and Mount, Building towers Survey to protect the population, especially farmers and peasants. It 1236 married Maria Angelina,sister of Michael II’ της Ηπείρου.

Αince marriage were born later toparchies of Magnesia, Νικόλαος Μελισσηνός. Ο Κωνσταντίνος Μελισσηνός, nature was pious and had an inclination towards monasticism. The year 1214 began building in the Upper Dryanoybaina (Today's Makrinitsas) a huge monastery, and dedicated it to the Virgin Mary, the monastery of “Acute Episkepseos the immaculate Virgin Mary”.

The south side of the Church of the Assumption

ΟConstantine Melissenos resigned from the local ruler in favor of his son Nicholas Melissenos. Named “Constantius” wore plain lonely trivonio until he died in 1255. He was buried in the monastery which he himself had founded. Nicholas Melissenos took toparchies Demetrias and married the princess Anna Palaiologina niece of Emperor Michael VIII’ Παλαιολόγου.

Ο Βόλος όπως φαίνεται από την κορυφή του λόφου της Επισκοπής.

Τperiod not 1270-1273 rebuilt in the Haute Dryanoybaina a huge monastery which dedicated in memory of “Prophet Baptist”. Nicholas and his wife Anna embraced monasticism and egkataviosan as monks, The former Nicholas in the monastery of Acute Episkepseos of Makrinitsas,and the Anna, as nun “Ανθούσα”, in the monastery of Prophet Forerunner New Stone. Και οι δύο τους παρ�A�ειναν στα ίδια μοναστήρια μέχρι το θάνατό τους.

ΈThus begins the long period that Pelion is characterized as a second “Mount Athos” of Greece, called in hagiographical texts”Mount of Kelli”. Unfortunately nothing salvaged from the original building of monasteries. Their son John Melissenos(1274-1285), took toparchies Demetriada the most critical juncture in the history of the region, γιατί η πόλη της Δημητριάδας δέχτηκε έκτοτε πολλές επιδρομές βαρβαρικών φύλων.

Άγιος Ονούφριος. Η θέα της γύρω περιοχής από το Αρχοντικό Ζαφειρίου.

Saint Onoufrios. Η ομώνυμη εκκλησία και η Πλατεία Εθνικής Αντίστασης.

Anakasia as seen from the Mansion Zafeiriou. Στο βάθος η κορυφή του λόφου της Αγίας Ειρήνης.

Dight and left the hallway and two rooms, while at the back of the right side there is a small toilet that communicates under the wooden staircase. Upstairs the staircase leads to a small vestibule where the left of the kitchen and in front of the living room. Δεξιά του προθάλαμου υπάρχει ένα δωμάτιο και μπροστά του προθάλαμου βρίσκεται η μεγάλη σάλα η οποία λειτουργούσε ως το σαλόνι του σπιτιού.

Τthe basement and this tripartite arrangement that emerges from the stone walls of the supporting structure and used as warehouses. communicated directly to the courtyard to the second entrance located on the west side, όπως επίσης και με το παράσπιτο με εσωτερικό λιθόκτιστο κλιμακοστάσιο.

O Neoclassicism

Ο Dimitris Paliouras writes that neoclassicism came to Greece from the Bavarian Otto, who chose him first as the rate appropriate to the reconstruction of Athens, πρωτεύουσας του νεοσύστατου ελληνικού κράτους και στη συνέχεια καθιερώθηκε και επεκτάθηκε σε ολόκληρη την ελληνική επικράτεια.

ΣThessaly came somewhat later, γύρω στα μέσα του 19^ουcentury, specifically in the region of Volos, with the start of the reconstruction of the new city which, as characteristically Nicholas Magnes in his book”Periegesis Thessaly and Thessaly Magnesia,London 1860″, “in between Castle and Dimitriados shores,arises from 1840 year of Christians in the surrounding villages, new city they called amen youthful Dimitriada, which has been given on Tash 80 house large and along with the new rate of Built“. The release of Thessaly Volos finds 5.908 residents, που σε λίγα χρόνια στα 1889 φθάνει τους 10.029, in 1896 their 16.788 and the 1907 23.563 κατοίκους.

Η This rapid growth of the new city of Volos, as neoclassicism zenith – says curator of Modern Monuments – created a model city of Neoclassical architecture, both builders, and town planning, since the city planned and built from scratch with the new aesthetic perception.

Η radiation of the new urban center and the effects that always the capital of a region in the periphery, will gradually subdue the region of Pelion, with a slow-moving way to the top, until the final fall of the traditional aesthetic perception. So, σταδιακά έχουμε τηνΗ�οθέτηση του νεοκλασικισμού στους παραλιακούς και στους γύρω από το Βόλο οικισμούς και λίγο αργότερα θα ακολουθήσουν και οι ορεινοί οικισμοί.

EverythingAll the buildings that were built after the 1881 Pelion, μέχρι και τις πρώτες δεκαετίες του 20^Regulation century governed by the principles of the new rate, as he stood in the area, that is adapted to local habits. The buildings are two and, many times, and three-storey houses with wooden roofs lie, the persons covered mountain villages, with slates, but to the seaside with tiles byzantine, in some constructions eclectic architecture, with sharp tips roofs, the inside of which was formed in attics, στεγάζονταν με κεραμίδια γαλλικού τύπου.

Οj faces always organized symmetrically in vertical axes of symmetry and was always decorated with pulled keromoplastiko decoration imitating pilasters with capitals, topmasts,friezes, γείσα κλπ.

Οj plans are organized and these symmetrical axis of the entrance and had tripartite configuration, with the sunlit hallway in the center, στο βάθος του οποίου ήταν το κλιμακοστάσιο και εκατέρωθεν του διαδρόμου τα δωμάτια.

Σconstruction of this period began to appear and new features within modernizing homes,as modern for their time kitchens with built-in arches Pans with bubbles, toilets etc. favors, where, the older structures were in separate buildings, known as Area “paraspita“.

Την εξωτερική αισθητική αντίληψη ακολουθούσε και η εσωτερική διακόσμηση του σπιτιού με γραπτό κυρίως διάκοσμο στις οροφές και λιγότερη χρήση γύψινων ανάγλυφων διακοσμήσεων και ανάλογου ύφους κινητό εξοπλισμό.